|
Lara Evoy
“Art as a Site of Transgression and Transformation”
I like to talk about art as a site of transgression and transformation.
I believe that art is necessary and work to integrate art and
art making into a broader community context. I think that relevant,
excellent art practices can be transformative tools, creating
positive social change. Art creates social unity by helping to
break down social, economic and political barriers between people.
Art is a tool for empowerment, especially to those who are disenfranchised.
I see artistic projects as a catalyst for community engagement
in so far as they provide a place to present and articulate ideas
in alternative and innovative ways. To my work I bring an interdisciplinary
approach, advocating hybridized art forms as a means to reach
a wide range of viewers and foster greater understanding and partnerships
between the diverse members and interests of the community.
Malcom Fairbrother
“The Hard Sell of Neoclassical Economics: Polanyi and
the Potilics of NAFTA”
Leftist critics often assume that free trade agreements (FTAs)
such as the WTO and NAFTA derive directly from neoclassical economic
theory. But many economists themselves offer only lukewarm support
for these agreements, and point out important ways in which they
do not follow from a neoclassical view of trade.
To take just two leading trade economists, Jagdish Bhagwati has
said “there are now many well-known free traders among economists
who oppose FTAs and consider them a pox on the world trading system,”
and Paul Krugman that “if economists ruled the world, there
would be no need for a World Trade Organization.” From a
Polanyian perspective, though, this lack of neoclassical support
should not come as a shock. In The Great Transformation, “pure”
self-regulating markets (i.e. those envisioned by economic liberals)
do not stand much of a chance politically, since in the real world
these utopian and idealized market mechanisms can never be tolerated
for long, even by business. Therefore the institutions that actually
become established will tend to depart from pure neoclassical
theory. And the preferences of liberal intellectuals (derived
from abstract theories) will count for much less than those of
economic and political elites, whose perspectives on economic
affairs--like those of most ordinary people--are somewhat more
experiential (and interest-based) in origin. This paper will illustrate
these theoretical claims by reference to the case of NAFTA. First,
the paper will show how NAFTA departs from neoclassical economic
theory in major ways, and was actually constructed based on a
contradictory mix of neoclassical theory and a view of trade I
call “mercantilist.” Second, given the minimal resonance
of neoclassical economic theory with the general public, I will
argue that it is the non-neoclassical portrayal of NAFTA that
made it politically saleable.
Berkeley Fleming
“Towards the Communion of Humans: The
Co-Existence Project”
In this paper, I consider the conception and development of Karl
Polanyi's last great project, the journal Co-Existence. The idea
of a scholarly review dedicated to analyzing the problems of co-existence
was raised by Polanyi in gatherings with several old friends when
he visited Europe in 1960. A meeting with Erich Fromm in 1961
seems also to have encouraged him in that direction.
Polanyi's views on co-existence can be traced back to his long-standing
socialist and Christian principles; his consistent arguments against
economic determinism; his writing, teaching, and public lecturing
on the international situation in the 1920s, 1930s, and early
1940s; key themes in the opening and closing pages of The Great
Transformation; his mid-1940s articles on the Soviet Union and
"regional planning"; and his post-Hiroshima preoccupations,
as hinted at in "Our Obsolete Market Mentality" and
explored in two incomplete 1950s projects, "Freedom and Technology"
and "The New West".
After considering the development of Polanyi's thought in this
respect, I review his attempts with others in his circle to secure
co-operation and support for the Co-Existence project from East
and West; to establish an editorial board; to raise funds for
and solicit subscriptions to the journal; and to reach an agreement
with an appropriate publisher.
My analysis is based in large part on a reading of Polanyi's extensive
correspondence in the late 1950s and 1960s, and other archival
materials such as Abe Rotstein's "Weekend Notes". Underlying
my analysis is the argument that this endeavour was consistent
with the moral and logical unity of Karl Polanyi's entire life
and work.
Michael W. Flota
“Theorizing ‘Polanyi’s Revenge’:
The Stalemate and Retrenchment of Financial Liberalization in
Sweden and South Korea”
This paper argues that William Sewell’s notion of the duality
of structure can help explain how Polanyi’s double movement
plays out in real world examples. Principles from evolutionary
economics, as elaborated by Geoffrey Hodgson and others, are also
used to show the rise and fall of the double movement. The Swedish
and South Korean experiences with financial liberalization are
chosen as cases to demonstrate how this process plays out. I examine
the rise and fall of financial liberalization movements in these
two states, showing the Polanyian process in empirical detail
as neoliberal groups use ideological warfare that ultimately falls
of its own weight due to economic crisis spawned by movements
toward self-regulating markets. Although the cultures and economic
systems of these two states are quite dissimilar, adoption of
the Polanyian framework reveals astonishing similarities in the
rise and fall of neoliberalism in the two states. I develop a
theory to further expand on Polanyi’s insights surrounding
the double movement.
Ursula
Franklin,
“Coexistence and Technology; Society between Bitsphere
and Biosphere”
Building on Polanyi’s concept of Coexistence, the paper
will examine the practical constraints that modern technologies
place on the possibility of the existence and coexistence
of distinct and different communities.
It will be argued that the fate of intentional communities
can provide useful insights into conditions effecting the
stability and viability of alternate communities within a
larger society.
The Hutterite farming communities in Western Canada and some
Israeli Kibbutzim developments will serve as examples to illustrate
the general problematique of modern coexistence.
An analysis of the specific constraints and current survival
struggles of these communities will pay particular attention
to the impacts of modern technologies on every intentional
community’s cohesion and founding principles or practices.
Modern prescriptive technologies – defining ‘technology’
as ‘practice’ – profoundly restructure social
relationships. If and when such social relationships are governed
by differing social and moral priorities, common technologies
may obliterate the opportunities to live and work according
to a particular system of values.
Questions for research and debate are now somewhat different
from those addressed by Polanyi. The contemporary inquiries
need to find and define the entity that constitutes at present
a functioning society and, at the same time. assess the stability
of its defining attributes vis a vis the structuring of prescriptive
technologies. |
|